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Pope is a title traditionally accorded to the Bishop of Rome, the Coptic and Greek Orthodox Bishop of Alexandria, and some autocratic leaders of other ecclesial communities. Popes may also claim the title Patriarch. Both terms come from a word for father. ==Etymology== The word ''pope'' is derived ultimately from the Greek πάππας〔(Liddell and Scott )〕 (''páppas''〔(American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language )〕) originally an affectionate term meaning "father", later referring to a bishop or patriarch.〔(''Pope'' ), Etymonline. Retrieved 07-15-2012〕 The earliest record of the use of this title is in regard to the Patriarch of Alexandria, Pope Heraclas of Alexandria (232–248)〔History of the Coptic Church, Iris Habib Elmasry.〕 in a letter written by his successor, Pope Dionysius of Alexandria, to Philemon, a Roman presbyter: Which translates into: From the early 3rd century the title was applied generically to all bishops.〔"Pope", ''Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'', Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3〕〔O'Malley, John W. (2009). ''A History of the Popes: From Peter to the Present''. Sheed & Ward. p. 15. ISBN 978-1580512275〕 The earliest extant record of the word ''papa'' being used in reference to a Bishop of Rome dates to late 3rd century, when it was applied to Pope Marcellinus.〔Walsh, Michael J. (1998). ''Lives of the popes: Illustrated Biographies of Every Pope From St Peter to the Present.'' p. 34. ISBN 978-0861019601〕 According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the earliest recorded use of the title "pope" in English is in an Old English translation (''c''. 950) of Bede's ''Ecclesiastical History of the English People'': In Modern English: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pope (word)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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